Research Paper: A comparison of Prevalence of Dilaceration in Mandible and Maxilla Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in an Iranian Population

Abstract Introduction: dilaceration is a disturbance in tooth formation that produces a sharp bend or curve in the tooth. this anomaly has a negative effect on the treatment of root canals, orthodontics and surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of root dilaceration using Cone Beam Tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods:In this study, a total of 206 CBCT images(5434teeth) were analyzed for having dilaceration. The images were evaluated at the Multi Planner section in the coronal and axial view to find mesiodistal dilaceration and in the sagittal view to find buccolingual dilaceration. Deviation of more than 20 degrees of one-third of the apical part of the root in the longitudinal axis of the tooth was considered as dilaceration. Deviation of 20 to 40 degrees, was considered as mild dilaceration, deviation of 41 to 60 degree was considered as moderate dilacerations and deviation more than 61 degrees was considered as severe dilacerations. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 21 and statistical analysis was performed by Chi Square test. Results: showed that dilaceration was found in 69.4% of radiographic images and 7.5% of teeth. The most common intensity and direction in teeth with dilacerations were mild dilacerations (62.9%) and distal dilaceration (59.8 %), respectively. The prevalence of dilaceration was not definitely different in the sex and age (P>0.05), but its prevalence was significantly higher in maxilla than the mandible and in the maxillary right quadrant than the other quadrants(P<0.05). dilaceration was more common in posterior teeth and was more prevalence in maxillary second molars, mandibular second molars and mandibular first molars teeth respectively, which was statistically significant in type and number of teeth(P<0.05). Conclusion:according to the results of this study, dilaceration has a significant prevalence that shows the necessity of radiographic examination to determine the dilacerations, which is important to prevent complex problems during dental treatment